ASSIGNMENT STRUCTURE2

Simple Future

Simple Future Tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi terjadi dimasa depan, secara spontan atau terencana.

Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.

FORM Will

[will + verb]

Examples:

-You will help him later.

-Will you help him later?

-You will not help him later. 

FORM Be Going To

[am/is/are + going to + verb]

Examples:

-You are going to meet Jane tonight.

-Are you going to meet Jane tonight?

-You are not going to meet Jane tonight.

Complete List of Simple Future Forms

USE 1 "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action

"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request for help. We also use "will" when we request that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.

Examples:

-          I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.

-          Will you help me move this heavy table?

-          I won't do all the housework myself!

-          A: I'm really hungry.
B: I'll make some sandwiches.

-          A: The phone is ringing.
B: I'll get it.

USE 2 "Will" to Express a Promise

"Will" is usually used in promises.

Examples:

-          I will call you when I arrive..

-          I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.

-          Don't worry, I'll be careful.

-          I won't tell anyone your secret.

USE 3 "Be going to" to Express a Plan

"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.

Examples:

-          He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.

-          She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.

-          A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
B: We are going to meet at 6 PM.

USE 4 "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction

Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. Predictions are guesses about what might happen in the future. In "prediction" sentences, the subject usually has little control over the future and therefore USES 1-3 do not apply. In the following examples, there is no difference in meaning.

Examples:

·         John Smith will be the next President.

·         John Smith is going to be the next President.

Rumus Simple Future Tense

Simple future tense dibentuk dari modal “will” atau “shall” dan bare infinitive (bentuk dasar verb) atau dibentuk dari phrasal modal “be going to” dan bare infinitive (base form verb).

Jenis Kalimat	Rumus	Contoh Simple Future Tense
positif (+)	S + will + bare infinitive S + be (am/is/are) going to + bare infinitive	You will win
		They are going to come
negatif (-)	S + will + not + bare infinitive S + be (am/is/are) + not + going to + bare infinitive	You won’t win
		They aren’t going to come
interogatif (?)	Will + S + bare infinitive Be (am/is/are) + S + going to + bare infinitive?	Will you win
		Are they going to come

Note: In modern English will is preferred to shall. Shall is mainly used with I and we to make an offer or suggestion, or to ask for advice (see examples above). With the other persons (you, he, she, they) shall is only used in literary or poetic situations, e.g. "With rings on her fingers and bells on her toes, She shall have music wherever she goes."

Contractions

-          I will = I'll

-          We will = we'll

-          You will = you'll

-          He will = he'll

-          She will = she'll

-          They will = they'll

-          Will not = won't

The form "it will" is not normally shortened.

To see: Simple future tense

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Interrogative Negative
I will see	I won't see	Will I see?	Won't I see?
*I shall see		*Shall I see?
You will see	You won't see	Will you see?	Won't you see?
He will see	He won't see	Will he see?	Won't he see?
We will see	We won't see	Will we see?	Won't we see?
*We shall see		*Shall we see?
They will see	They won't see	Will they see?	Won't they see?

* Shall is dated, but it is still commonly used instead of "will" with the affirmative or interrogative forms of I and we in certain cases (see above).

Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Simple Future Tense

Fungsi	Contoh kalimat
Simple future tense (will) untuk membuat keputusan secara spontan untuk melakukan sesuatu (tanpa rencana).	Wait a minute. I will change my clothes. (Tunggu sebentar. Saya akan mengganti baju.)
	You look nervous. I’ll give you a glass of water. (Kamu tampak cemas. Saya akan memberimu segelas air.)
Simple future tense (will) untuk memerediksi masa depan (tanpa rencana).	The doom will not happen in 2014. (Kiamat tidak akan terjadi pada tahun 2014.)
	Which hotels do you think will offer the best service? (Hotel yang mana yang kamu pikir akan menawarkan pelayanan terbaik?)
	He’ll be angry. (Dia akan marah.)
	The sandstorm will come. (Badai pasir akan datang.)
	I think he will pass. (Saya pikir dia akan lulus.)
Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan arrangement (rencana yang sudah dipikirkan dan dibahas dengan orang lain).	I’m visiting South Korea tomorrow. (Saya akan mengunjungi Korea Selatan besok.)
	She’s going to the physiotherapist next monday. (Dia akan ke fisioterapis senin depan.)
Simple future tense dengan “going+to” untuk menyatakan intention (rencana dimasa depan yang sudah dipikirkan sebelumnya).	I’m going to send this letter tomorrow. (Saya akan mengirimkan surat ini besok.)
	He is going to go to French to continue his study. (Dia akan pergi ke Perancis untuk melanjutkan sekolahnya.)
Simple future tense digunakan untuk membentuk conditional sentence type 1.	I will come if they invite me. (Saya akan datang jika mereka mengundang saya.)