Course Materials Phonology

Hey Guys How are you?

I hope you are fine.. :)

Okeh guys sebelumnya kalian pasti pernah mendengar kata PHONOLOGY kan?

Mungkin teman-teman tidak semua yang mengetahui apa itu PHONOLOGY.

 

Fonologi atau phonology diartikan sebagai kajian bahasa yang mempelajari tentang bunyi-bunyi bahasa yang diproduksi oleh alat ucap manusia.

Ada beberapa istilah lain yang berkaitan dengan fonologi, antara lain: fona, fonem, vokal, dan konsonan. Fona adalah bunyi ujaran yang bersifat netral atau masih belum terbukti membedakan arti, sedangkan fonem adalah satuan bunyi ujaran terkecil yang membedakan arti.

Fungsi phonology

     1.    Untuk mengetahui perubahan bunyi suara pada suatu kata.

     2.    Mempelajari cara kerja organ tubuh manusia terutama yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan bahasa.

     3.    Mempelajari tentang proses pembentukan bunyi, penyampaian/ pengucapannya.

Phonology is a branch of linguistics concerned with the systematic organization of sounds in languages. It has traditionally focused largely on the study of the systems of phonemes in particular languages (and therefore used to be also called phonemics, or phonematics), but it may also cover any linguistic analysis either at a level beneath the word (including syllable, onset and rime, articulatory gestures, articulatory features, mora, etc.) or at all levels of language where sound is considered to be structured for conveying linguistic meaning. Phonology also includes the study of equivalent organizational systems in sign languages.

Phonology is often distinguished from phonetics. While phonetics concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a given language or across languages to encode meaning. For many linguists, phonetics belongs to descriptive linguistics, and phonology to theoretical linguistics, although establishing the phonological system of a language is necessarily an application of theoretical principles to analysis of phonetic evidence. Note that this distinction was not always made, particularly before the development of the modern concept of the phoneme in the mid 20th century. Some subfields of modern phonology have a crossover with phonetics in descriptive disciplines such as psycholinguistics and speech perception, resulting in specific areas like articulatory phonology or laboratory phonology.

The word phonology comes from the Greek φωνή, phōnḗ, "voice, sound," and the suffix -logy (which is from Greek λόγος, lógos, "word, speech, subject of discussion"). Definitions of the term vary. Nikolai Trubetzkoy in Grundzüge der Phonologie (1939) defines phonology as "the study of sound pertaining to the system of language," as opposed to phonetics, which is "the study of sound pertaining to the act of speech" (the distinction between language and speech being basically Saussure's distinction between langue and parole).

More recently, Lass (1998) writes that phonology refers broadly to the subdiscipline of linguistics concerned with the sounds of language, while in more narrow terms, "phonology proper is concerned with the function, behavior and organization of sounds as linguistic items." According to Clark et al. (2007), it means the systematic use of sound to encode meaning in any spoken human language, or the field of linguistics studying this use.